If you look closely at a caged IBC, you will usually find a metal plate on the cage with a UN packaging mark: a “UN” symbol followed by a string of characters. The characters are not random. Here is how to read the main parts.
The code, broken down
The mark on a typical caged HDPE IBC follows a pattern like this:
UN 31HA1 / Y / month year / country / manufacturer / stacking load / max gross mass
- UN symbol: shows the packaging design has been tested to the UN performance standards for dangerous goods.
- 31: an IBC for liquids.
- HA1: a composite IBC with a rigid plastic inner receptacle (H) and a steel outer cage (A). This is the standard caged tote.
- Y: the packing groups it is approved for. X covers packing groups I, II and III; Y covers II and III; Z covers III only.
- Month and year: when the IBC was manufactured.
- Country: the country that authorized the mark.
- Manufacturer: a name or code identifying the maker.
- Stacking load and maximum gross mass: shown in kilograms.
Some marks carry additional information. The exact format is set out in the regulations, so check 49 CFR and the current UN Recommendations for the details that apply to you.
What it means for shipping
For hazmat shipments, the UN mark tells the shipper which materials and packing groups the IBC design is approved for. Not every IBC carries a UN mark, and an unmarked tote should not be used for regulated hazmat.
Inspections and service life
IBCs used for hazardous materials are subject to periodic inspection and testing, and plastic and composite IBCs have a limited service period for hazmat use. The rules are specific and change over time, so check current DOT/UN regulations before using any reconditioned tote for hazmat, and confirm the tote’s inspection status with the partner supplier.